Most Common Car Issues

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Engine Configuration
In-Line
Model Year
2017

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MOST COMMON PROBLEMS

MAZDA MX-5 2017

The 2017 Mazda MX-5 Grand Touring is a stylish convertible with a soft top, accommodating up to five passengers. It features a 2.0L inline-4 engine with 155 horsepower, paired with a 6-speed transmission, and offers rear-wheel drive for a dynamic driving experience. Safety and convenience are prioritized with standard features such as Dynamic Brake Support, Lane Departure Warning, Blind Spot Warning, and a backup camera. With its lightweight design and advanced safety systems, this Mazda is a perfect blend of performance and practicality.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
155
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Mazda
Engine Model
PE
Engine Number of Cylinders
4
Engine Stroke Cycles
4

Problems:

Dynamic brake support (dbs) malfunction
DBS may not activate correctly due to sensor or software issues, leading to reduced braking assistance in emergency situations.
Engine misfires
Misfires can occur due to faulty spark plugs, ignition coils, or fuel injectors, leading to poor engine performance and increased emissions.
Oil leaks
Common in many engines, oil leaks can be caused by worn-out seals or gaskets, leading to decreased engine lubrication and potential damage.
Overheating
Overheating can occur due to a malfunctioning thermostat, water pump failure, or radiator issues, potentially causing severe engine damage.
Check engine light (cel)
The CEL can illuminate for various reasons including sensor failures, emissions system malfunctions, or other engine-related issues.
Timing chain/belt issues
Problems with the timing chain or belt can lead to poor engine performance or catastrophic engine failure if not addressed.
Fuel system issues
Problems such as clogged fuel injectors, a faulty fuel pump, or a dirty fuel filter can affect engine performance and fuel efficiency.
Variable valve timing (vvt) issues
The VVT system can develop problems due to solenoid failures, oil pressure issues, or actuator malfunctions, affecting engine performance.
Exhaust system issues
Problems like a clogged catalytic converter or exhaust leaks can lead to reduced engine performance and increased emissions.
Throttle body problems
A dirty or faulty throttle body can cause poor engine response, stalling, or rough idling.
FORD Focus 2017

The 2017 Ford Focus RS is a dynamic hatchback with a robust 2.3L GTDI engine producing 350 horsepower. It offers advanced safety features like Dynamic Brake Support, ABS, and numerous airbags, ensuring a secure driving experience. With a top speed of 165 mph, this left-hand drive vehicle provides both performance and practicality. Manufactured by Ford Werke AG in Germany, it comes with a base price of $36,120.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
350
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Ford
Engine Model
2.3L GTDI
Engine Number of Cylinders
4

Problems:

Dynamic brake support (dbs) malfunction
The DBS system may fail to activate or provide inadequate braking assistance during emergency stops, potentially due to sensor issues or software glitches.
Turbocharger issues
The 2.3L GTDI engine's turbocharger can suffer from problems such as oil leaks, bearing failures, or reduced performance, leading to a loss of power.
Carbon buildup
Direct-injection engines like the Ford 2.3L GTDI are prone to carbon buildup on intake valves, which can cause rough idling, misfires, and reduced fuel efficiency.
Cooling system leaks
The cooling system components, such as the water pump or hoses, can develop leaks over time, leading to engine overheating.
Timing chain wear
The timing chain in the 2.3L GTDI engine may stretch or wear prematurely, causing timing issues and potentially leading to engine damage if not addressed.
Fuel injector problems
Fuel injectors can become clogged or fail, resulting in poor engine performance, misfires, and decreased fuel economy.
Oil consumption
The engine may consume oil at a higher rate, which could be due to issues like worn piston rings or valve seals, requiring frequent oil top-ups.
Transmission issues
Although not directly related to the engine, the 2017 Ford Focus is known to have transmission problems, particularly with the dual-clutch transmission (DCT), which can affect overall drivability.
Engine mounts wear
Engine mounts can wear out over time, leading to increased engine vibrations and noise, impacting the comfort and performance of the vehicle.
Exhaust system problems
Components of the exhaust system, such as the catalytic converter or exhaust manifold, can fail or develop leaks, affecting emissions and engine performance.
FORD Focus 2017

The 2017 Ford Focus ST is a sporty hatchback with a 2.0L GTDI turbocharged inline-4 engine, delivering 252 horsepower. This model features a versatile 5-door design, providing practicality alongside its performance. Manufactured in Wayne, Michigan by Ford Motor Company, it offers safety features such as front, knee, and side airbags across both passenger rows. With a gross vehicle weight rating under 6,000 lbs, it's designed for nimble handling and efficiency.

Spec:

Engine Brake (hp) From
252
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Ford
Engine Model
2.0L GTDI Premium Fuel
Engine Number of Cylinders
4

Problems:

Oil leaks
Common in Ford Focus models due to worn-out gaskets or seals, which can result in noticeable oil spots under the vehicle.
Engine overheating
Often caused by issues with the cooling system, such as a faulty thermostat, radiator problems, or coolant leaks.
Timing belt issues
The timing belt may wear out prematurely, leading to potential engine damage if not replaced at recommended intervals.
Turbocharger problems
Since the 2.0L GTDI engine is turbocharged, it may face issues like turbo lag, lack of power, or even turbo failure if not properly maintained.
Fuel injector problems
Clogged or faulty fuel injectors can lead to poor engine performance, misfires, and decreased fuel efficiency.
Ignition coil failure
Ignition coils can wear out or fail, causing misfires, rough idling, and difficulties starting the engine.
Carbon build-up
Direct fuel injection engines like the 2.0L GTDI are prone to carbon build-up on intake valves, which can affect performance and fuel economy.
High-pressure fuel pump issues
The high-pressure fuel pump can fail or malfunction, leading to poor engine performance or stalling.
Engine mount wear
Engine mounts may wear out over time, causing excessive engine vibration and noise.
FORD Focus 2017

The 2017 Ford Focus RS is a dynamic hatchback equipped with a 2.3L GTDI engine, delivering 350 horsepower and a top speed of 165 mph. It features advanced safety systems such as Dynamic Brake Support, ABS, and a comprehensive airbag setup for both front and side protection. Manufactured by Ford Werke AG in Saarlouis, Germany, this model comes standard with modern conveniences like keyless ignition and a backup camera. With a sleek design and practical 5-door layout, it offers a blend of performance and functionality at a base price of $36,120.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
350
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Ford
Engine Model
2.3L GTDI
Engine Number of Cylinders
4

Problems:

Dynamic brake support (dbs) malfunction
The DBS system may fail to activate or provide inadequate braking assistance during emergency stops, potentially due to sensor issues or software glitches.
Turbocharger issues
The 2.3L GTDI engine's turbocharger can suffer from problems such as oil leaks, bearing failures, or reduced performance, leading to a loss of power.
Carbon buildup
Direct-injection engines like the Ford 2.3L GTDI are prone to carbon buildup on intake valves, which can cause rough idling, misfires, and reduced fuel efficiency.
Cooling system leaks
The cooling system components, such as the water pump or hoses, can develop leaks over time, leading to engine overheating.
Timing chain wear
The timing chain in the 2.3L GTDI engine may stretch or wear prematurely, causing timing issues and potentially leading to engine damage if not addressed.
Fuel injector problems
Fuel injectors can become clogged or fail, resulting in poor engine performance, misfires, and decreased fuel economy.
Oil consumption
The engine may consume oil at a higher rate, which could be due to issues like worn piston rings or valve seals, requiring frequent oil top-ups.
Transmission issues
Although not directly related to the engine, the 2017 Ford Focus is known to have transmission problems, particularly with the dual-clutch transmission (DCT), which can affect overall drivability.
Engine mounts wear
Engine mounts can wear out over time, leading to increased engine vibrations and noise, impacting the comfort and performance of the vehicle.
Exhaust system problems
Components of the exhaust system, such as the catalytic converter or exhaust manifold, can fail or develop leaks, affecting emissions and engine performance.
FIAT 500 2017

The 2017 FIAT 500 Abarth is a sporty hatchback with a 1.4-liter inline-four engine, producing 160 horsepower. Designed with front-wheel drive, it offers a compact yet spirited driving experience. Manufactured by Chrysler de Mexico Toluca, it features essential safety systems like front and side airbags and a tire pressure monitoring system. Its turbocharged engine, combined with a lightweight build, ensures a dynamic and agile ride.

Spec:

Engine Brake (hp) From
160
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
FCA
Engine Number of Cylinders
4

Problems:

Oil consumption issues
The 2017 FIAT 500 with an In-Line 4-cylinder engine is known to have high oil consumption, requiring frequent top-offs between oil changes.
Coolant leaks
Owners often report coolant leaks, which can lead to overheating if not addressed promptly.
Turbocharger problems
Turbocharged variants of this engine may experience turbocharger failure, resulting in a loss of power and increased exhaust emissions.
Timing belt failure
The timing belt in this engine may wear prematurely, leading to potential engine damage if it breaks.
Ignition coil failure
The ignition coils in the FIAT 500 are known to fail, causing misfires and rough engine performance.
Electrical issues
Various electrical problems, including sensor failures and wiring problems, can affect the engine's performance and reliability.
CHEVROLET Colorado 2017

The 2017 Chevrolet Colorado Z71 is a robust pickup truck equipped with a 2.8L turbocharged diesel engine. It features a four-wheel drive system, ensuring excellent handling and performance in various terrains. The truck comes standard with a number of safety features, including Dynamic Brake Support, ABS, and multiple airbag systems. With a crew cab configuration, it comfortably seats five passengers, offering both utility and comfort for its occupants.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Model
LWN - DI: Direct Injection, XLDE
Engine Number of Cylinders
4

Problems:

Engine misfire
The in-line configuration and direct injection system can occasionally lead to carbon buildup on intake valves, causing misfires.
Carbon buildup
Direct injection engines like the LWN - DI can experience carbon deposits on valves due to lack of fuel washing over them, leading to performance issues.
Timing chain wear
The in-line 4-cylinder engine may suffer from timing chain issues over time, which can cause rattling noises and engine performance problems.
Oil consumption
Some Chevrolet Colorado models with this engine configuration have been reported to consume more oil than usual, potentially due to piston ring issues.
Fuel injector problems
Direct injection engines can face issues with clogged or malfunctioning fuel injectors, leading to poor fuel economy or rough idling.
Turbocharger issues (if applicable)
If equipped with a turbocharger, issues such as boost pressure loss or turbo lag can occur due to wear or failure of components.
Coolant leaks
Known issues with coolant leaks in certain 2017 Chevrolet Colorado models can lead to engine overheating if not addressed.
Engine stalling
Possible stalling problems might arise from issues with the fuel system or electronic control module (ECM) malfunctions.
LAND ROVER Range Rover Evoque 2017

The 2017 Land Rover Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic is a convertible multipurpose passenger vehicle featuring a 2.0L turbocharged engine with 240 hp. It offers seating for five, a 9-speed automatic transmission, and a top speed of 135 mph. Standard safety features include Dynamic Brake Support, ABS, ESC, and multiple airbags. Optional features include Forward Collision Warning, Adaptive Cruise Control, and Lane Keeping Assistance. Starting at $54,200, it provides a blend of luxury and performance.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
240
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Model
GTDI LEV3 SULEV30
Engine Number of Cylinders
4

Problems:

Dynamic brake support (dbs) malfunction
Dynamic Brake Support (DBS) may fail to engage properly, leading to reduced braking performance in emergency situations.
Turbocharger issues
The GTDI (Gasoline Turbocharged Direct Injection) engine may experience turbocharger problems such as failure or reduced efficiency, leading to loss of power and increased fuel consumption.
Oil leaks
In-Line 4-cylinder engines like the one in the Range Rover Evoque are prone to oil leaks, which can result in reduced engine performance and potential engine damage.
Engine misfires
The 4-cylinder configuration might experience engine misfires due to issues such as faulty spark plugs, ignition coils, or fuel injectors.
Cooling system problems
The engine may have issues with its cooling system, such as radiator or water pump failures, leading to overheating.
Timing chain wear
The GTDI engine may have issues with timing chain wear, which can cause poor engine performance and potential engine damage if not addressed.
Carbon build-up
Direct injection engines like the GTDI can suffer from carbon build-up on intake valves, leading to reduced engine efficiency and performance.
Electronic throttle control issues
There might be issues with the electronic throttle control system, resulting in poor throttle response or unintended acceleration/deceleration.
Fuel system problems
The engine might experience fuel system issues such as clogged fuel filters or failing fuel pumps, leading to poor performance and starting difficulties.
Exhaust gas recirculation (egr) valve problems
The EGR valve might become clogged or fail, leading to increased emissions and decreased engine performance.
FORD Focus 2017

The 2017 Ford Focus RS is a high-performance hatchback boasting a 2.3L GTDI inline-4 turbocharged engine that delivers 350 horsepower. It features advanced safety systems such as Dynamic Brake Support (DBS), Automatic Crash Notification (ACN), and a backup camera. With a top speed of 165 MPH, this German-made vehicle includes standard amenities like electronic stability control, keyless ignition, and a well-equipped interior with seating for five. Priced at $36,120, it combines performance and practicality in a stylish package.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
350
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Ford
Engine Model
2.3L GTDI
Engine Number of Cylinders
4

Problems:

Dynamic brake support (dbs) malfunction
The DBS system may fail to activate or provide inadequate braking assistance during emergency stops, potentially due to sensor issues or software glitches.
Turbocharger issues
The 2.3L GTDI engine's turbocharger can suffer from problems such as oil leaks, bearing failures, or reduced performance, leading to a loss of power.
Carbon buildup
Direct-injection engines like the Ford 2.3L GTDI are prone to carbon buildup on intake valves, which can cause rough idling, misfires, and reduced fuel efficiency.
Cooling system leaks
The cooling system components, such as the water pump or hoses, can develop leaks over time, leading to engine overheating.
Timing chain wear
The timing chain in the 2.3L GTDI engine may stretch or wear prematurely, causing timing issues and potentially leading to engine damage if not addressed.
Fuel injector problems
Fuel injectors can become clogged or fail, resulting in poor engine performance, misfires, and decreased fuel economy.
Oil consumption
The engine may consume oil at a higher rate, which could be due to issues like worn piston rings or valve seals, requiring frequent oil top-ups.
Transmission issues
Although not directly related to the engine, the 2017 Ford Focus is known to have transmission problems, particularly with the dual-clutch transmission (DCT), which can affect overall drivability.
Engine mounts wear
Engine mounts can wear out over time, leading to increased engine vibrations and noise, impacting the comfort and performance of the vehicle.
Exhaust system problems
Components of the exhaust system, such as the catalytic converter or exhaust manifold, can fail or develop leaks, affecting emissions and engine performance.
MAZDA MX-5 2017

The 2017 Mazda MX-5, produced by Mazda Motor Corporation in Hiroshima, Japan, is a sleek convertible with a soft top. It features a 2.0L in-line 4-cylinder engine producing 155 hp, coupled with a 6-speed transmission and rear-wheel drive. Safety is enhanced with standard Dynamic Brake Support, ABS, ESC, and multiple airbags. Luxurious touches include keyless ignition, a backup camera, and blind spot warning.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
155
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Mazda
Engine Model
PE
Engine Number of Cylinders
4
Engine Stroke Cycles
4

Problems:

Dynamic brake support (dbs) malfunction
DBS may not activate correctly due to sensor or software issues, leading to reduced braking assistance in emergency situations.
Engine misfires
Misfires can occur due to faulty spark plugs, ignition coils, or fuel injectors, leading to poor engine performance and increased emissions.
Oil leaks
Common in many engines, oil leaks can be caused by worn-out seals or gaskets, leading to decreased engine lubrication and potential damage.
Overheating
Overheating can occur due to a malfunctioning thermostat, water pump failure, or radiator issues, potentially causing severe engine damage.
Check engine light (cel)
The CEL can illuminate for various reasons including sensor failures, emissions system malfunctions, or other engine-related issues.
Timing chain/belt issues
Problems with the timing chain or belt can lead to poor engine performance or catastrophic engine failure if not addressed.
Fuel system issues
Problems such as clogged fuel injectors, a faulty fuel pump, or a dirty fuel filter can affect engine performance and fuel efficiency.
Variable valve timing (vvt) issues
The VVT system can develop problems due to solenoid failures, oil pressure issues, or actuator malfunctions, affecting engine performance.
Exhaust system issues
Problems like a clogged catalytic converter or exhaust leaks can lead to reduced engine performance and increased emissions.
Throttle body problems
A dirty or faulty throttle body can cause poor engine response, stalling, or rough idling.
FORD Fiesta 2017

Introducing the 2017 Ford Fiesta ST, a dynamic hatchback that combines performance and safety. Equipped with a 1.6L GTDI engine producing 197 hp, it features Turbo, ABS, ESC, and Dynamic Brake Support as standard. With seating for five and a top speed of 143 MPH, it's designed for both practicality and thrill. Keyless ignition, a backup camera, and comprehensive airbag coverage enhance your driving experience.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
197
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Ford
Engine Model
1.6L GTDI
Engine Number of Cylinders
4

Problems:

Engine misfire
Misfires can occur due to faulty spark plugs, ignition coils, or fuel injectors. This can result in a loss of power and poor fuel economy.
Turbocharger issues
The 1.6L GTDI engine is turbocharged, and problems with the turbocharger such as bearing failure or boost leaks can lead to reduced performance and efficiency.
Timing belt/chain problems
Over time, the timing belt or chain can wear out or become damaged, leading to potential engine damage if not replaced according to the manufacturer's schedule.
Cooling system failures
Issues with the radiator, water pump, or thermostat can cause the engine to overheat, potentially leading to severe engine damage.
Oil leaks
Common sources of oil leaks in this engine include the valve cover gasket, oil pan gasket, and the turbo oil feed lines, which can lead to reduced oil levels and engine damage if not addressed.
Carbon buildup
Direct injection engines like the 1.6L GTDI can suffer from carbon buildup on the intake valves, leading to rough idling, reduced power, and increased fuel consumption.
Fuel system issues
Problems with the fuel pump or fuel injectors can cause poor engine performance, starting issues, and decreased fuel efficiency.
Sensor failures
Faulty sensors such as the oxygen sensor, mass airflow sensor, or crankshaft position sensor can cause the engine to run poorly or trigger the check engine light.
Exhaust system problems
Issues with the catalytic converter or exhaust manifold can lead to increased emissions, poor performance, and potential engine damage.
MAZDA MX-5 2017

The 2017 Mazda MX-5 Grand Touring is a stylish and performance-oriented convertible with a 2.0L inline-4 engine producing 155 hp. It features standard safety and convenience technologies, including Dynamic Brake Support, Lane Departure Warning, and a Blind Spot Warning system. The vehicle supports a 6-speed transmission and offers a rear-wheel drive experience. Built in Hiroshima, Japan, this hardtop model seats five and provides a thrilling drive with modern amenities.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
155
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Mazda
Engine Model
PE
Engine Number of Cylinders
4
Engine Stroke Cycles
4

Problems:

Dynamic brake support (dbs) malfunction
DBS may not activate correctly due to sensor or software issues, leading to reduced braking assistance in emergency situations.
Engine misfires
Misfires can occur due to faulty spark plugs, ignition coils, or fuel injectors, leading to poor engine performance and increased emissions.
Oil leaks
Common in many engines, oil leaks can be caused by worn-out seals or gaskets, leading to decreased engine lubrication and potential damage.
Overheating
Overheating can occur due to a malfunctioning thermostat, water pump failure, or radiator issues, potentially causing severe engine damage.
Check engine light (cel)
The CEL can illuminate for various reasons including sensor failures, emissions system malfunctions, or other engine-related issues.
Timing chain/belt issues
Problems with the timing chain or belt can lead to poor engine performance or catastrophic engine failure if not addressed.
Fuel system issues
Problems such as clogged fuel injectors, a faulty fuel pump, or a dirty fuel filter can affect engine performance and fuel efficiency.
Variable valve timing (vvt) issues
The VVT system can develop problems due to solenoid failures, oil pressure issues, or actuator malfunctions, affecting engine performance.
Exhaust system issues
Problems like a clogged catalytic converter or exhaust leaks can lead to reduced engine performance and increased emissions.
Throttle body problems
A dirty or faulty throttle body can cause poor engine response, stalling, or rough idling.
FORD Focus 2017

The 2017 Ford Focus RS is a high-performance hatchback featuring a 2.3L GTDI engine with 350 horsepower, turbocharged for enhanced performance. It offers standard Dynamic Brake Support (DBS), Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), and Electronic Stability Control (ESC) for safety. With a top speed of 165 MPH and a base price of $36,120, this left-hand drive vehicle seats five and includes advanced safety features like front, side, and knee airbags. Manufactured in Saarlouis, Germany, it comes with a backup camera, keyless ignition, and 19-inch wheels.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
350
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Ford
Engine Model
2.3L GTDI
Engine Number of Cylinders
4

Problems:

Dynamic brake support (dbs) malfunction
The DBS system may fail to activate or provide inadequate braking assistance during emergency stops, potentially due to sensor issues or software glitches.
Turbocharger issues
The 2.3L GTDI engine's turbocharger can suffer from problems such as oil leaks, bearing failures, or reduced performance, leading to a loss of power.
Carbon buildup
Direct-injection engines like the Ford 2.3L GTDI are prone to carbon buildup on intake valves, which can cause rough idling, misfires, and reduced fuel efficiency.
Cooling system leaks
The cooling system components, such as the water pump or hoses, can develop leaks over time, leading to engine overheating.
Timing chain wear
The timing chain in the 2.3L GTDI engine may stretch or wear prematurely, causing timing issues and potentially leading to engine damage if not addressed.
Fuel injector problems
Fuel injectors can become clogged or fail, resulting in poor engine performance, misfires, and decreased fuel economy.
Oil consumption
The engine may consume oil at a higher rate, which could be due to issues like worn piston rings or valve seals, requiring frequent oil top-ups.
Transmission issues
Although not directly related to the engine, the 2017 Ford Focus is known to have transmission problems, particularly with the dual-clutch transmission (DCT), which can affect overall drivability.
Engine mounts wear
Engine mounts can wear out over time, leading to increased engine vibrations and noise, impacting the comfort and performance of the vehicle.
Exhaust system problems
Components of the exhaust system, such as the catalytic converter or exhaust manifold, can fail or develop leaks, affecting emissions and engine performance.
HONDA Civic 2017

The 2017 Honda Civic Touring is a 5-seat passenger car equipped with a 1.5L turbocharged engine producing 174 hp. It features a Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) and standard safety technologies such as Dynamic Brake Support, Lane Departure Warning, Forward Collision Warning, and Adaptive Cruise Control. Priced at $26,600, it also includes a backup camera, blind spot warning, and a host of airbags for comprehensive safety. Manufactured in Greensburg, Indiana, this left-hand drive vehicle ensures comfort and security for all occupants.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
174
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Honda
Engine Model
L15B7
Engine Number of Cylinders
4
Engine Stroke Cycles
4

Problems:

Dynamic brake support (dbs) malfunction
The system may fail to detect an impending collision or may not apply brakes effectively, leading to reduced braking assistance.
Excessive engine noise
The L15B7 engine may produce more noise than usual due to issues like worn-out engine components or improper lubrication.
Oil dilution
This is a common problem with turbocharged engines where fuel mixes with engine oil, reducing its lubricating properties and leading to increased wear.
Turbocharger failure
The turbocharger in the L15B7 engine might experience issues such as oil leaks, bearing failure, or turbine damage, affecting engine performance.
Fuel injector problems
Faulty or clogged fuel injectors can lead to poor engine performance, reduced fuel efficiency, and increased emissions.
Engine misfire
This can be caused by issues such as faulty spark plugs, ignition coils, or fuel delivery problems, leading to poor engine performance and increased emissions.
Cooling system issues
Problems such as radiator leaks, thermostat failure, or water pump issues can lead to engine overheating, which can cause significant engine damage if not addressed.
Carbon buildup
Direct injection engines like the L15B7 are prone to carbon buildup on intake valves, which can lead to reduced engine performance and efficiency.
Timing chain tensioner failure
A faulty timing chain tensioner can cause timing chain noise and, if not addressed, can lead to severe engine damage.
Exhaust gas recirculation (egr) valve issues
Malfunctioning EGR valves can lead to rough idling, reduced fuel efficiency, and increased emissions.
Sensor failures
Faulty sensors, such as the mass airflow sensor or oxygen sensor, can lead to incorrect air-fuel mixture, poor engine performance, and increased emissions.
FIAT 500 2017

The 2017 FIAT 500 Abarth is a sporty hatchback with a 1.4L turbocharged in-line 4-cylinder engine, producing 160 hp. Manufactured in Toluca, Mexico, this front-wheel-drive vehicle features 2 doors, manual seat belts, and comprehensive airbag coverage. Ideal for those seeking a compact yet powerful driving experience, it combines Italian flair with practical performance.

Spec:

Engine Brake (hp) From
160
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
FCA
Engine Number of Cylinders
4

Problems:

Oil consumption issues
The 2017 FIAT 500 with an In-Line 4-cylinder engine is known to have high oil consumption, requiring frequent top-offs between oil changes.
Coolant leaks
Owners often report coolant leaks, which can lead to overheating if not addressed promptly.
Turbocharger problems
Turbocharged variants of this engine may experience turbocharger failure, resulting in a loss of power and increased exhaust emissions.
Timing belt failure
The timing belt in this engine may wear prematurely, leading to potential engine damage if it breaks.
Ignition coil failure
The ignition coils in the FIAT 500 are known to fail, causing misfires and rough engine performance.
Electrical issues
Various electrical problems, including sensor failures and wiring problems, can affect the engine's performance and reliability.
TOYOTA RAV4 2017

The 2017 Toyota Ltd/Platinum model offers advanced safety features such as Dynamic Brake Support (DBS), Lane Departure Warning (LDW), and Pedestrian Automatic Emergency Braking (PAEB) as standard. It includes a robust Entune Multimedia Bundle with a 6.1-inch touch-screen display and an integrated backup camera. Powered by a 2.5L, 176 hp 2AR-FE engine, this multipurpose passenger vehicle seats 5 and has a base price of $30,905. The vehicle is manufactured by Toyota Motor Corporation at the Takaoka Plant in Aichi, Japan.

Spec:

Brake System Description
Calipers / Front Vented Discs | Rear Solid Discs
Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
176
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Toyota
Engine Model
2AR-FE
Engine Number of Cylinders
4
Other Engine Info
Injection Type :PORT

Problems:

Brake calipers sticking
Brake calipers can sometimes stick, leading to uneven braking, increased wear, and potential safety hazards.
Brake disc wear
Both front vented and rear solid discs can wear over time, causing reduced braking efficiency and the need for replacement.
Brake noise
Various components within the brake system can cause noise, including worn pads, discs, or issues with the calipers.
Dynamic brake support (dbs) malfunction
Although standard, the DBS system can sometimes fail, leading to reduced braking assistance during emergency stops.
Engine oil consumption
The 2AR-FE engine is known to occasionally consume more oil than expected, leading to the need for more frequent oil top-ups.
Fuel injector issues
With a port injection system, injectors can become clogged or fail, leading to reduced engine performance and efficiency.
Engine misfires
Misfires can occur due to issues with the spark plugs, ignition coils, or fuel system, affecting performance and fuel economy.
Cooling system problems
The inline configuration of the engine can sometimes lead to cooling issues, such as leaks or faulty components, resulting in overheating.
Timing chain noise
Over time, the timing chain can become noisy, indicating wear or the need for adjustment or replacement.
Throttle body issues
Problems with the throttle body can lead to poor engine performance, including stalling, rough idling, or reduced acceleration.
Exhaust manifold cracks
The exhaust manifold can develop cracks, leading to exhaust leaks and reduced engine performance.
FORD Focus 2017

The 2017 Ford Focus RS is a high-performance hatchback featuring a 2.3L GTDI inline-4 turbocharged engine with 350 hp. It includes standard safety features like Dynamic Brake Support (DBS), Electronic Stability Control (ESC), and a backup camera. With a seating capacity for 5 and a top speed of 165 MPH, this vehicle combines practicality with exhilarating performance. Assembled in Saarlouis, Germany, it offers a robust set of amenities for a base price of $36,120.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
350
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Ford
Engine Model
2.3L GTDI
Engine Number of Cylinders
4

Problems:

Dynamic brake support (dbs) malfunction
The DBS system may fail to activate or provide inadequate braking assistance during emergency stops, potentially due to sensor issues or software glitches.
Turbocharger issues
The 2.3L GTDI engine's turbocharger can suffer from problems such as oil leaks, bearing failures, or reduced performance, leading to a loss of power.
Carbon buildup
Direct-injection engines like the Ford 2.3L GTDI are prone to carbon buildup on intake valves, which can cause rough idling, misfires, and reduced fuel efficiency.
Cooling system leaks
The cooling system components, such as the water pump or hoses, can develop leaks over time, leading to engine overheating.
Timing chain wear
The timing chain in the 2.3L GTDI engine may stretch or wear prematurely, causing timing issues and potentially leading to engine damage if not addressed.
Fuel injector problems
Fuel injectors can become clogged or fail, resulting in poor engine performance, misfires, and decreased fuel economy.
Oil consumption
The engine may consume oil at a higher rate, which could be due to issues like worn piston rings or valve seals, requiring frequent oil top-ups.
Transmission issues
Although not directly related to the engine, the 2017 Ford Focus is known to have transmission problems, particularly with the dual-clutch transmission (DCT), which can affect overall drivability.
Engine mounts wear
Engine mounts can wear out over time, leading to increased engine vibrations and noise, impacting the comfort and performance of the vehicle.
Exhaust system problems
Components of the exhaust system, such as the catalytic converter or exhaust manifold, can fail or develop leaks, affecting emissions and engine performance.
MAZDA MX-5 2017

The 2017 Mazda MX-5 Club is a stylish soft-top convertible with a 2.0L inline-4 engine producing 155 hp. It features key safety technologies like Dynamic Brake Support, ABS, and Advanced Automatic Crash Notification. Enjoy a smooth ride with its 6-speed transmission and rear-wheel drive, complemented by a modern suite of tech including a backup camera and Blind Spot Warning. This Japanese-made, left-hand drive vehicle offers seating for five and combines sporty performance with essential safety features.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
155
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Mazda
Engine Model
PE
Engine Number of Cylinders
4
Engine Stroke Cycles
4

Problems:

Dynamic brake support (dbs) malfunction
DBS may not activate correctly due to sensor or software issues, leading to reduced braking assistance in emergency situations.
Engine misfires
Misfires can occur due to faulty spark plugs, ignition coils, or fuel injectors, leading to poor engine performance and increased emissions.
Oil leaks
Common in many engines, oil leaks can be caused by worn-out seals or gaskets, leading to decreased engine lubrication and potential damage.
Overheating
Overheating can occur due to a malfunctioning thermostat, water pump failure, or radiator issues, potentially causing severe engine damage.
Check engine light (cel)
The CEL can illuminate for various reasons including sensor failures, emissions system malfunctions, or other engine-related issues.
Timing chain/belt issues
Problems with the timing chain or belt can lead to poor engine performance or catastrophic engine failure if not addressed.
Fuel system issues
Problems such as clogged fuel injectors, a faulty fuel pump, or a dirty fuel filter can affect engine performance and fuel efficiency.
Variable valve timing (vvt) issues
The VVT system can develop problems due to solenoid failures, oil pressure issues, or actuator malfunctions, affecting engine performance.
Exhaust system issues
Problems like a clogged catalytic converter or exhaust leaks can lead to reduced engine performance and increased emissions.
Throttle body problems
A dirty or faulty throttle body can cause poor engine response, stalling, or rough idling.
FORD Focus 2017

The 2017 Ford Focus ST is a sporty hatchback equipped with a 2.0L GTDI Premium Fuel engine, delivering 252 horsepower. Manufactured in Wayne, Michigan, this 5-door model features comprehensive safety with airbags in the front, side, and a knee airbag for the driver. Its in-line 4-cylinder engine is turbocharged, offering a dynamic driving experience. Ideal for those seeking performance and practicality in a compact package.

Spec:

Engine Brake (hp) From
252
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Ford
Engine Model
2.0L GTDI Premium Fuel
Engine Number of Cylinders
4

Problems:

Oil leaks
Common in Ford Focus models due to worn-out gaskets or seals, which can result in noticeable oil spots under the vehicle.
Engine overheating
Often caused by issues with the cooling system, such as a faulty thermostat, radiator problems, or coolant leaks.
Timing belt issues
The timing belt may wear out prematurely, leading to potential engine damage if not replaced at recommended intervals.
Turbocharger problems
Since the 2.0L GTDI engine is turbocharged, it may face issues like turbo lag, lack of power, or even turbo failure if not properly maintained.
Fuel injector problems
Clogged or faulty fuel injectors can lead to poor engine performance, misfires, and decreased fuel efficiency.
Ignition coil failure
Ignition coils can wear out or fail, causing misfires, rough idling, and difficulties starting the engine.
Carbon build-up
Direct fuel injection engines like the 2.0L GTDI are prone to carbon build-up on intake valves, which can affect performance and fuel economy.
High-pressure fuel pump issues
The high-pressure fuel pump can fail or malfunction, leading to poor engine performance or stalling.
Engine mount wear
Engine mounts may wear out over time, causing excessive engine vibration and noise.
MAZDA MX-5 2017

The 2017 Mazda MX-5 Club is a stylish, 2-door hard top convertible with a 2.0L inline-4 engine producing 155 hp. Designed for driving enthusiasts, it features rear-wheel drive, a 6-speed transmission, and advanced safety systems like Dynamic Brake Support and Blind Spot Warning. With seating for 5 and a host of standard features including a backup camera, keyless ignition, and electronic stability control, this vehicle offers both performance and comfort. Built in Hiroshima, Japan, by Mazda Motor Corporation, it's a well-rounded passenger car with a sporty edge.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
155
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Mazda
Engine Model
PE
Engine Number of Cylinders
4
Engine Stroke Cycles
4

Problems:

Dynamic brake support (dbs) malfunction
DBS may not activate correctly due to sensor or software issues, leading to reduced braking assistance in emergency situations.
Engine misfires
Misfires can occur due to faulty spark plugs, ignition coils, or fuel injectors, leading to poor engine performance and increased emissions.
Oil leaks
Common in many engines, oil leaks can be caused by worn-out seals or gaskets, leading to decreased engine lubrication and potential damage.
Overheating
Overheating can occur due to a malfunctioning thermostat, water pump failure, or radiator issues, potentially causing severe engine damage.
Check engine light (cel)
The CEL can illuminate for various reasons including sensor failures, emissions system malfunctions, or other engine-related issues.
Timing chain/belt issues
Problems with the timing chain or belt can lead to poor engine performance or catastrophic engine failure if not addressed.
Fuel system issues
Problems such as clogged fuel injectors, a faulty fuel pump, or a dirty fuel filter can affect engine performance and fuel efficiency.
Variable valve timing (vvt) issues
The VVT system can develop problems due to solenoid failures, oil pressure issues, or actuator malfunctions, affecting engine performance.
Exhaust system issues
Problems like a clogged catalytic converter or exhaust leaks can lead to reduced engine performance and increased emissions.
Throttle body problems
A dirty or faulty throttle body can cause poor engine response, stalling, or rough idling.
HONDA Civic Type R 2017

The 2017 Honda Civic Type R is a high-performance hatchback with a 2.0L turbocharged inline-4 engine producing 306 hp. It features comprehensive safety with airbags in all rows and advanced direct fuel injection. Manufactured in Swindon, UK, this model combines sporty dynamics with practical 5-door versatility.

Spec:

Engine Brake (hp) From
306
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Honda
Engine Model
K20C1
Engine Number of Cylinders
4
Engine Stroke Cycles
4

Problems:

Oil dilution
This problem occurs when fuel mixes with the engine oil, which can lead to reduced lubrication and increased engine wear. It is a known issue in turbocharged engines like the K20C1.
Turbocharger failure
The turbocharger can suffer from issues such as oil leaks or bearing wear, leading to a loss of power and efficiency.
Cooling system issues
The high-performance nature of this engine can cause increased heat, leading to potential cooling system failures if not properly maintained.
Carbon build-up
Direct-injection engines like the K20C1 are prone to carbon build-up on the intake valves, which can affect performance and fuel efficiency.
Timing chain tensioner problems
The timing chain tensioner may fail, leading to possible engine misalignment and severe engine damage if not addressed promptly.
Faulty fuel injectors
Fuel injectors can become clogged or fail, causing poor engine performance, misfires, and reduced fuel efficiency.
Ignition coil failures
Ignition coils can fail over time, leading to misfires and rough engine operation.
FORD Focus 2017

The 2017 Ford Focus RS is a high-performance hatchback featuring a 2.3L GTDI turbocharged engine with 350 hp. It offers advanced safety features such as Dynamic Brake Support, ABS, and multiple airbags. The vehicle seats five and comes equipped with modern amenities like a backup camera, keyless ignition, and electronic stability control. With a top speed of 165 MPH, this Ford model combines speed and practicality in a sleek, German-built package.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
350
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Ford
Engine Model
2.3L GTDI
Engine Number of Cylinders
4

Problems:

Dynamic brake support (dbs) malfunction
The DBS system may fail to activate or provide inadequate braking assistance during emergency stops, potentially due to sensor issues or software glitches.
Turbocharger issues
The 2.3L GTDI engine's turbocharger can suffer from problems such as oil leaks, bearing failures, or reduced performance, leading to a loss of power.
Carbon buildup
Direct-injection engines like the Ford 2.3L GTDI are prone to carbon buildup on intake valves, which can cause rough idling, misfires, and reduced fuel efficiency.
Cooling system leaks
The cooling system components, such as the water pump or hoses, can develop leaks over time, leading to engine overheating.
Timing chain wear
The timing chain in the 2.3L GTDI engine may stretch or wear prematurely, causing timing issues and potentially leading to engine damage if not addressed.
Fuel injector problems
Fuel injectors can become clogged or fail, resulting in poor engine performance, misfires, and decreased fuel economy.
Oil consumption
The engine may consume oil at a higher rate, which could be due to issues like worn piston rings or valve seals, requiring frequent oil top-ups.
Transmission issues
Although not directly related to the engine, the 2017 Ford Focus is known to have transmission problems, particularly with the dual-clutch transmission (DCT), which can affect overall drivability.
Engine mounts wear
Engine mounts can wear out over time, leading to increased engine vibrations and noise, impacting the comfort and performance of the vehicle.
Exhaust system problems
Components of the exhaust system, such as the catalytic converter or exhaust manifold, can fail or develop leaks, affecting emissions and engine performance.
FORD Focus 2017

The 2017 Ford Focus RS is a high-performance hatchback equipped with a 2.3L GTDI engine producing 350 hp. It features standard safety systems such as Dynamic Brake Support, ABS, and multiple airbags. With a top speed of 165 MPH, it offers exhilarating performance while maintaining practicality with a seating capacity for five and advanced features like a backup camera and keyless ignition. Made in Saarlouis, Germany, this vehicle combines power, safety, and modern technology.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
350
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Ford
Engine Model
2.3L GTDI
Engine Number of Cylinders
4

Problems:

Dynamic brake support (dbs) malfunction
The DBS system may fail to activate or provide inadequate braking assistance during emergency stops, potentially due to sensor issues or software glitches.
Turbocharger issues
The 2.3L GTDI engine's turbocharger can suffer from problems such as oil leaks, bearing failures, or reduced performance, leading to a loss of power.
Carbon buildup
Direct-injection engines like the Ford 2.3L GTDI are prone to carbon buildup on intake valves, which can cause rough idling, misfires, and reduced fuel efficiency.
Cooling system leaks
The cooling system components, such as the water pump or hoses, can develop leaks over time, leading to engine overheating.
Timing chain wear
The timing chain in the 2.3L GTDI engine may stretch or wear prematurely, causing timing issues and potentially leading to engine damage if not addressed.
Fuel injector problems
Fuel injectors can become clogged or fail, resulting in poor engine performance, misfires, and decreased fuel economy.
Oil consumption
The engine may consume oil at a higher rate, which could be due to issues like worn piston rings or valve seals, requiring frequent oil top-ups.
Transmission issues
Although not directly related to the engine, the 2017 Ford Focus is known to have transmission problems, particularly with the dual-clutch transmission (DCT), which can affect overall drivability.
Engine mounts wear
Engine mounts can wear out over time, leading to increased engine vibrations and noise, impacting the comfort and performance of the vehicle.
Exhaust system problems
Components of the exhaust system, such as the catalytic converter or exhaust manifold, can fail or develop leaks, affecting emissions and engine performance.
FORD Focus 2017

The 2017 Ford Focus RS is a high-performance hatchback equipped with a 2.3L GTDI turbocharged inline-4 engine, delivering 350 hp and a top speed of 165 mph. It features a range of standard safety and convenience technologies, including Dynamic Brake Support (DBS), Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), Electronic Stability Control (ESC), and a backup camera. With seating for five, this left-hand drive vehicle offers advanced crash notifications and a host of airbags for enhanced safety. Priced at $36,120, it combines performance with practicality.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
350
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Ford
Engine Model
2.3L GTDI
Engine Number of Cylinders
4

Problems:

Dynamic brake support (dbs) malfunction
The DBS system may fail to activate or provide inadequate braking assistance during emergency stops, potentially due to sensor issues or software glitches.
Turbocharger issues
The 2.3L GTDI engine's turbocharger can suffer from problems such as oil leaks, bearing failures, or reduced performance, leading to a loss of power.
Carbon buildup
Direct-injection engines like the Ford 2.3L GTDI are prone to carbon buildup on intake valves, which can cause rough idling, misfires, and reduced fuel efficiency.
Cooling system leaks
The cooling system components, such as the water pump or hoses, can develop leaks over time, leading to engine overheating.
Timing chain wear
The timing chain in the 2.3L GTDI engine may stretch or wear prematurely, causing timing issues and potentially leading to engine damage if not addressed.
Fuel injector problems
Fuel injectors can become clogged or fail, resulting in poor engine performance, misfires, and decreased fuel economy.
Oil consumption
The engine may consume oil at a higher rate, which could be due to issues like worn piston rings or valve seals, requiring frequent oil top-ups.
Transmission issues
Although not directly related to the engine, the 2017 Ford Focus is known to have transmission problems, particularly with the dual-clutch transmission (DCT), which can affect overall drivability.
Engine mounts wear
Engine mounts can wear out over time, leading to increased engine vibrations and noise, impacting the comfort and performance of the vehicle.
Exhaust system problems
Components of the exhaust system, such as the catalytic converter or exhaust manifold, can fail or develop leaks, affecting emissions and engine performance.
FORD Focus 2017

The 2017 Ford Focus RS is a high-performance hatchback equipped with a 2.3L GTDI engine, delivering 350 horsepower and a top speed of 165 mph. It features advanced safety systems like Dynamic Brake Support (DBS), Electronic Stability Control (ESC), and multiple airbags. With a base price of $36,120, this sporty vehicle includes standard amenities such as a backup camera, keyless ignition, and a semiautomatic headlamp beam switching system. The car is manufactured by Ford Werke AG in Saarlouis, Germany.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
350
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Ford
Engine Model
2.3L GTDI
Engine Number of Cylinders
4

Problems:

Dynamic brake support (dbs) malfunction
The DBS system may fail to activate or provide inadequate braking assistance during emergency stops, potentially due to sensor issues or software glitches.
Turbocharger issues
The 2.3L GTDI engine's turbocharger can suffer from problems such as oil leaks, bearing failures, or reduced performance, leading to a loss of power.
Carbon buildup
Direct-injection engines like the Ford 2.3L GTDI are prone to carbon buildup on intake valves, which can cause rough idling, misfires, and reduced fuel efficiency.
Cooling system leaks
The cooling system components, such as the water pump or hoses, can develop leaks over time, leading to engine overheating.
Timing chain wear
The timing chain in the 2.3L GTDI engine may stretch or wear prematurely, causing timing issues and potentially leading to engine damage if not addressed.
Fuel injector problems
Fuel injectors can become clogged or fail, resulting in poor engine performance, misfires, and decreased fuel economy.
Oil consumption
The engine may consume oil at a higher rate, which could be due to issues like worn piston rings or valve seals, requiring frequent oil top-ups.
Transmission issues
Although not directly related to the engine, the 2017 Ford Focus is known to have transmission problems, particularly with the dual-clutch transmission (DCT), which can affect overall drivability.
Engine mounts wear
Engine mounts can wear out over time, leading to increased engine vibrations and noise, impacting the comfort and performance of the vehicle.
Exhaust system problems
Components of the exhaust system, such as the catalytic converter or exhaust manifold, can fail or develop leaks, affecting emissions and engine performance.
FORD Focus 2017

The 2017 Ford Focus RS is a high-performance hatchback equipped with a 2.3L GTDI engine producing 350 hp and a top speed of 165 mph. It features Dynamic Brake Support, ABS, and a Turbocharged Inline-4 engine. Safety is enhanced with multiple airbags, Electronic Stability Control, and a Backup Camera. Priced at $36,120, it offers advanced amenities like Keyless Ignition and a Tire Pressure Monitoring System.

Spec:

Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
350
Engine Configuration
In-Line
Engine Manufacturer
Ford
Engine Model
2.3L GTDI
Engine Number of Cylinders
4

Problems:

Dynamic brake support (dbs) malfunction
The DBS system may fail to activate or provide inadequate braking assistance during emergency stops, potentially due to sensor issues or software glitches.
Turbocharger issues
The 2.3L GTDI engine's turbocharger can suffer from problems such as oil leaks, bearing failures, or reduced performance, leading to a loss of power.
Carbon buildup
Direct-injection engines like the Ford 2.3L GTDI are prone to carbon buildup on intake valves, which can cause rough idling, misfires, and reduced fuel efficiency.
Cooling system leaks
The cooling system components, such as the water pump or hoses, can develop leaks over time, leading to engine overheating.
Timing chain wear
The timing chain in the 2.3L GTDI engine may stretch or wear prematurely, causing timing issues and potentially leading to engine damage if not addressed.
Fuel injector problems
Fuel injectors can become clogged or fail, resulting in poor engine performance, misfires, and decreased fuel economy.
Oil consumption
The engine may consume oil at a higher rate, which could be due to issues like worn piston rings or valve seals, requiring frequent oil top-ups.
Transmission issues
Although not directly related to the engine, the 2017 Ford Focus is known to have transmission problems, particularly with the dual-clutch transmission (DCT), which can affect overall drivability.
Engine mounts wear
Engine mounts can wear out over time, leading to increased engine vibrations and noise, impacting the comfort and performance of the vehicle.
Exhaust system problems
Components of the exhaust system, such as the catalytic converter or exhaust manifold, can fail or develop leaks, affecting emissions and engine performance.
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