Most Common Car Issues

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Engine Number of Cylinders
8
Make
JEEP

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MOST COMMON PROBLEMS

JEEP Grand Cherokee 2018

The 2018 Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk is a high-performance multipurpose passenger vehicle (MPV) powered by a supercharged 6.2L V8 engine delivering 707 horsepower. It features advanced safety systems including Dynamic Brake Support (DBS), Lane Departure Warning (LDW), Forward Collision Warning (FCW), and Blind Spot Warning (BSW). This 4WD vehicle also comes standard with Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC), a backup camera, and parking assist. With a base price of $86,200, it offers an exceptional blend of power, luxury, and safety.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
707
Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Manufacturer
FCA
Engine Number of Cylinders
8
Other Engine Info
Supercharged

Problems:

Brake fluid leak
Hydraulic brake systems rely on brake fluid to function properly. Leaks can cause a loss of braking power and increased stopping distances.
Worn brake pads/rotors
Over time, brake pads and rotors wear down, reducing braking effectiveness and causing squealing or grinding noises.
Brake caliper issues
Calipers can seize or leak, leading to uneven braking or a complete loss of braking power on the affected wheel.
Brake line corrosion
Corrosion of brake lines can lead to leaks and reduced braking performance, posing a significant safety risk.
Abs malfunction
Issues with the Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) can lead to reduced control during emergency braking situations.
Brake booster failure
A failed brake booster can result in a hard brake pedal and increased stopping distances.
Supercharger maintenance
The supercharged engine requires regular maintenance to ensure the supercharger operates efficiently. Issues can lead to reduced engine performance.
Fuel efficiency
High-performance engines like the supercharged V8 in the Jeep Grand Cherokee can have lower fuel efficiency compared to non-supercharged engines.
Cooling system strain
The powerful engine generates more heat, potentially straining the cooling system if not properly maintained.
Engine wear
High horsepower engines tend to experience more wear and tear, necessitating more frequent maintenance and potential repairs.
Electrical issues
Modern vehicles with advanced features, including Dynamic Brake Support (DBS), may encounter electrical problems that can affect various systems, including the brakes.
Transmission strain
The powerful engine can put additional strain on the transmission, potentially leading to transmission issues over time.
JEEP Wrangler 2023

The 2023 Jeep Wrangler Rubicon 392 is a powerful multipurpose passenger vehicle featuring a 6.4L V8 engine producing 470 hp. It offers a range of safety options, including Dynamic Brake Support (DBS), Forward Collision Warning (FCW), and Crash Imminent Braking (CIB). Standard features include a backup camera, anti-lock braking system (ABS), and electronic stability control (ESC). Built in Toledo, Ohio, this 4WD SUV combines rugged performance with modern safety and convenience technologies.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Optional
Engine Brake (hp) From
470
Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Manufacturer
FCA
Engine Number of Cylinders
8

Problems:

Brake fluid leaks
Hydraulic brake systems can develop leaks in the brake lines, master cylinder, or calipers, which can lead to reduced braking performance.
Brake fade
Extended use of the brakes, especially under heavy loads or during downhill driving, can cause the brake fluid to overheat and reduce braking efficiency.
Air in brake lines
Air bubbles in the hydraulic brake lines can cause a spongy brake pedal and reduced braking effectiveness.
Dbs malfunction
If the optional Dynamic Brake Support system is installed, it may malfunction, leading to inconsistent braking performance.
Brake rotor warping
Repeated hard braking can cause the brake rotors to warp, leading to vibrations and reduced braking efficiency.
Master cylinder failure
The master cylinder, which generates the hydraulic pressure for the brake system, can fail and reduce braking power.
Brake pad wear
Brake pads can wear out over time, leading to reduced braking performance and the need for replacement.
Abs issues
The Anti-lock Braking System (if equipped) can experience sensor failures or other malfunctions, leading to loss of ABS functionality.
Engine overheating
The high-performance V8 engine can be prone to overheating, especially under heavy loads or in hot climates.
Oil leaks
The V-shaped engine configuration may develop oil leaks at the gaskets, seals, or oil pan.
Spark plug fouling
The V8 engine may experience spark plug fouling, leading to misfires, rough idling, and reduced performance.
Fuel system problems
Issues with the fuel injectors or fuel pump can lead to poor engine performance or stalling.
Timing chain/belt issues
The engine's timing chain or belt can wear out or become misaligned, leading to engine performance problems.
Exhaust manifold cracking
The V8 engine's exhaust manifolds can develop cracks due to thermal expansion and contraction, leading to exhaust leaks.
Engine mounts wear
Engine mounts can wear out over time, causing increased vibration and noise.
JEEP Grand Cherokee 1996

The 1996 Jeep Grand Cherokee Limited is a versatile SUV with a robust 5.2L V8 engine and 4WD capability. Manufactured by FCA US LLC in Detroit, Michigan, this model features electronic fuel injection and a hydraulic brake system. With a gross vehicle weight rating of Class 1D, it is designed for both performance and utility.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Number of Cylinders
8
Other Engine Info
Electronic fuel injection

Problems:

Brake fluid leak
Hydraulic brake systems rely on brake fluid to function properly. Leaks can cause reduced braking performance.
Brake master cylinder failure
The master cylinder can wear out over time, leading to a spongy brake pedal or complete brake failure.
Warped brake rotors
This can cause vibration or pulsation when braking and is often due to excessive heat or wear.
Worn brake pads
Brake pads wear down over time and need to be replaced regularly to ensure effective braking.
Engine misfires
With electronic fuel injection, issues with injectors, sensors, or spark plugs can cause misfiring in one or more cylinders.
Vacuum leaks
Vacuum leaks can cause rough idling and poor performance, often affecting the engine's air-fuel mixture.
Coolant leaks
Common in older vehicles, coolant leaks can lead to overheating and potential engine damage.
Timing chain/belt issues
If the timing chain or belt fails, it can cause significant engine damage, especially in a V8 engine.
Oil leaks
Common in older engines, oil leaks can lead to low oil levels and potential engine damage.
Fuel pump failure
Can cause issues with fuel delivery to the engine, leading to stalling or poor performance.
Exhaust manifold cracks
Exhaust manifolds in V-shaped engines can crack over time due to heat cycles, leading to exhaust leaks and reduced efficiency.
Oxygen sensor failure
A faulty oxygen sensor can cause poor fuel economy and increased emissions.
Throttle position sensor issues
A malfunctioning sensor can result in poor throttle response and erratic engine behavior.
JEEP Grand Cherokee 2017

The 2017 Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT is a powerful and well-equipped multipurpose passenger vehicle. It features a 6.4L V8 engine with 475 hp, 4WD, and a top speed of 160 MPH. Safety and convenience are prioritized with standard features like Adaptive Cruise Control, Blind Spot Warning, and a Backup Camera. Priced at $66,895, this model offers advanced safety technologies and a robust driving experience.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
475
Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Manufacturer
FCA
Engine Number of Cylinders
8

Problems:

Brake fluid leaks
Hydraulic brake systems rely on brake fluid to operate effectively. Leaks can reduce braking efficiency and lead to brake failure.
Worn brake pads
Over time, brake pads wear down, which can reduce braking performance and cause squealing or grinding noises.
Abs sensor issues
The Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) sensors can malfunction, leading to ABS warning lights on the dashboard and reduced braking efficiency.
Master cylinder failure
The master cylinder is crucial for the hydraulic brake system. Failure can result in a spongy brake pedal or complete brake failure.
Warped brake rotors
Warped rotors can cause vibrations and pulsations when braking, leading to decreased braking performance.
Brake caliper sticking
Sticking brake calipers can cause uneven brake pad wear and reduced braking efficiency.
Engine misfires
V-Shaped engines with 8 cylinders can experience misfires due to faulty spark plugs, ignition coils, or fuel injectors.
Oil leaks
V8 engines are prone to oil leaks, which can stem from valve cover gaskets, oil pan gaskets, or rear main seals.
Cooling system failures
Overheating can occur due to a faulty water pump, radiator issues, or a malfunctioning thermostat.
Timing chain problems
The timing chain can stretch or fail, leading to poor engine performance or catastrophic engine damage.
Exhaust manifold leaks
Leaks in the exhaust manifold can lead to a decrease in engine performance and an increase in exhaust noise.
Fuel system issues
Problems with the fuel pump or fuel injectors can lead to poor engine performance and reduced fuel efficiency.
JEEP Grand Cherokee 2018

The 2018 Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk offers a powerful 6.2L supercharged V8 engine producing 707 hp, paired with an 8-speed automatic transmission and 4WD. It seats five and includes a comprehensive suite of safety features such as Dynamic Brake Support, Lane Departure Warning, and Blind Spot Warning. Standard amenities include Adaptive Cruise Control, a Backup Camera, and Parking Assist. Priced at $86,200, this high-performance SUV is assembled in Detroit, Michigan.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
707
Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Manufacturer
FCA
Engine Number of Cylinders
8
Other Engine Info
Supercharged

Problems:

Brake fluid leak
Hydraulic brake systems rely on brake fluid to function properly. Leaks can cause a loss of braking power and increased stopping distances.
Worn brake pads/rotors
Over time, brake pads and rotors wear down, reducing braking effectiveness and causing squealing or grinding noises.
Brake caliper issues
Calipers can seize or leak, leading to uneven braking or a complete loss of braking power on the affected wheel.
Brake line corrosion
Corrosion of brake lines can lead to leaks and reduced braking performance, posing a significant safety risk.
Abs malfunction
Issues with the Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) can lead to reduced control during emergency braking situations.
Brake booster failure
A failed brake booster can result in a hard brake pedal and increased stopping distances.
Supercharger maintenance
The supercharged engine requires regular maintenance to ensure the supercharger operates efficiently. Issues can lead to reduced engine performance.
Fuel efficiency
High-performance engines like the supercharged V8 in the Jeep Grand Cherokee can have lower fuel efficiency compared to non-supercharged engines.
Cooling system strain
The powerful engine generates more heat, potentially straining the cooling system if not properly maintained.
Engine wear
High horsepower engines tend to experience more wear and tear, necessitating more frequent maintenance and potential repairs.
Electrical issues
Modern vehicles with advanced features, including Dynamic Brake Support (DBS), may encounter electrical problems that can affect various systems, including the brakes.
Transmission strain
The powerful engine can put additional strain on the transmission, potentially leading to transmission issues over time.
JEEP Grand Wagoneer 1990

The 1990 Jeep Grand Wagoneer is a classic SUV, powered by a robust 5.9L V8 engine with a 4WD drivetrain. Manufactured by FCA US LLC in Toledo, Ohio, this vehicle combines American craftsmanship with rugged capability. Perfect for those seeking a blend of vintage style and off-road performance.

Spec:

Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Model
2 BBL
Engine Number of Cylinders
8

Problems:

Oil leaks
V-shaped engines, such as the one in the 1990 Jeep Grand Wagoneer, can be prone to oil leaks, particularly around the valve covers and gaskets.
Overheating
Due to the configuration and age of the vehicle, cooling system issues can cause the engine to overheat, especially if the radiator, water pump, or thermostat is malfunctioning.
Carburetor issues
The 2 BBL carburetor may experience problems such as clogging or improper fuel mixture, leading to poor engine performance and fuel economy.
Worn timing chain
A common issue in older V8 engines can be a worn timing chain, which can cause poor engine performance and potentially severe engine damage if not addressed.
Vacuum leaks
Vacuum hoses in older vehicles can become brittle and crack, leading to vacuum leaks that affect engine performance and idle stability.
Ignition system problems
Issues with the distributor, spark plugs, or ignition coil can lead to misfires and rough running conditions.
Exhaust manifold leaks
Due to the V-shaped configuration, exhaust manifold leaks are common and can cause noise and potentially harmful exhaust fumes to enter the cabin.
Fuel pump failure
Mechanical fuel pumps on older engines like this one can wear out over time, leading to fuel delivery issues and engine stalling.
JEEP Grand Cherokee 2009

The 2009 Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT-8 is a powerful SUV known for its robust 6.1L V8 engine, delivering a displacement of 6100 CC. Manufactured by FCA US LLC in Detroit, Michigan, this 4WD vehicle is designed for multiple markets, including the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. It features comprehensive safety with front and side airbags in the first row and a direct TPMS. This model is part of the WK series and offers a high-performance, multi-purpose driving experience.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Engine Number of Cylinders
8
Other Engine Info
Sales code:ESF

Problems:

Brake fluid leaks
Hydraulic brake systems can develop leaks in the brake lines, master cylinder, or calipers, which can lead to decreased braking performance or brake failure.
Worn brake pads and rotors
Over time, brake pads and rotors wear out and need to be replaced to maintain effective braking.
Brake caliper issues
Calipers can seize or develop other issues, causing uneven braking or reduced braking power.
Engine oil leaks
V8 engines can sometimes develop oil leaks from the valve cover gaskets, oil pan gasket, or other seals.
Cooling system problems
The cooling system, including the radiator, water pump, and hoses, can develop leaks or other issues, leading to engine overheating.
Fuel system issues
Problems with the fuel injectors, fuel pump, or fuel filter can affect engine performance and fuel efficiency.
Ignition coil failure
The ignition coils in a V8 engine can fail, leading to misfires and poor engine performance.
Exhaust manifold cracks
Exhaust manifolds on V8 engines can develop cracks over time, leading to exhaust leaks and decreased engine efficiency.
Transmission issues
The transmission can develop problems such as slipping, hard shifting, or fluid leaks, affecting vehicle performance.
Suspension wear
The suspension components, including control arms, bushings, and shocks, can wear out, leading to a rough ride and poor handling.
JEEP Grand Cherokee 2019

The 2019 Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT is a robust SUV equipped with a powerful 6.4L V8 engine delivering 475 hp. Standard features include advanced safety systems like Dynamic Brake Support, Lane Departure Warning, and Forward Collision Warning. It seats 5 comfortably and offers a comprehensive suite of driver aids such as Adaptive Cruise Control and Blind Spot Warning. This model is built in Detroit, Michigan, and has a base price of $68,645.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
475
Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Manufacturer
FCA
Engine Number of Cylinders
8

Problems:

Brake fluid leak
Hydraulic brake systems can suffer from brake fluid leaks, which reduce braking efficiency and may lead to brake failure.
Worn brake pads
Regular use can wear down brake pads, leading to reduced braking performance and increased stopping distances.
Warped brake rotors
Excessive heat and stress can cause brake rotors to warp, resulting in vibrations and decreased braking efficiency.
Brake fade
Prolonged braking can cause the brakes to overheat, leading to a temporary loss of braking power.
Brake caliper failure
Calipers can seize up or fail, causing uneven braking or complete brake failure on one side.
Abs malfunction
The Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) may malfunction, leading to a loss of controlled braking during emergencies.
Engine misfire
The V-shaped, 8-cylinder engine might experience misfires due to faulty spark plugs, ignition coils, or fuel injectors.
Oil consumption
FCA engines, including the one in the 2019 Jeep Grand Cherokee, may consume more oil than expected, requiring frequent top-ups.
Cooling system issues
The engine might experience overheating due to problems with the radiator, water pump, or thermostat.
Timing chain issues
The timing chain may stretch or fail, leading to poor engine performance or severe engine damage.
Fuel pump failure
A failing fuel pump can lead to poor engine performance or starting issues.
Electrical problems
Modern vehicles like the 2019 Jeep Grand Cherokee often experience electrical issues affecting various systems, including the engine and brakes.
JEEP Grand Cherokee 2003

The 2003 Jeep Grand Cherokee Limited is a robust SUV featuring a 4.7L V8 engine with multipoint fuel injection and 4WD capability. Manufactured by FCA US LLC in Detroit, this vehicle is designed for both power and versatility, making it ideal for a range of driving conditions. With hydraulic brakes and a gross vehicle weight rating of up to 6,000 lb, it promises a solid and reliable driving experience.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Number of Cylinders
8
Other Engine Info
Sales Code: EVA

Problems:

Brake fluid leaks
Hydraulic brake systems can develop leaks in the brake lines, master cylinder, or brake calipers, leading to reduced braking efficiency.
Brake pedal goes to the floor
This can be caused by air in the brake lines, a failing master cylinder, or a significant brake fluid leak.
Overheating engine
V8 engines, especially in older models like the 2003 Jeep Grand Cherokee, can suffer from cooling system issues, such as a failing radiator, water pump, or thermostat.
Oil leaks
V8 engines are prone to oil leaks from valve cover gaskets, oil pan gaskets, or front and rear main seals.
Misfiring engine
This can be caused by faulty spark plugs, ignition coils, or fuel injectors, especially in an engine with high mileage.
Exhaust manifold leaks
V8 engines can develop cracks or leaks in the exhaust manifold, leading to a ticking noise and reduced engine performance.
Transmission issues
The 2003 Jeep Grand Cherokee is known for automatic transmission problems, including slipping gears, rough shifts, and transmission fluid leaks.
Faulty fuel pump
Fuel delivery issues can cause stalling, hard starts, or poor engine performance.
Worn suspension components
Older Jeep Grand Cherokees can have worn-out shocks, struts, and control arm bushings, leading to a rough ride and poor handling.
Electrical problems
Issues with the electrical system, such as failing sensors, wiring shorts, or faulty alternators, can cause a variety of engine and accessory problems.
Rust and corrosion
Older vehicles like the 2003 Grand Cherokee can suffer from rust and corrosion, especially in the undercarriage, brake lines, and fuel lines.
JEEP Grand Cherokee 2018

Meet the 2018 Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk, a powerhouse MPV with a supercharged 6.2L V8 engine producing 707 hp. This 4WD marvel combines luxury and safety with features like Adaptive Cruise Control, Blind Spot Warning, and a host of advanced brake and collision systems. Inside, it comfortably seats five with all-row side airbags and modern conveniences like a backup camera and parking assist. Assembled in Detroit and priced from $86,200, it's a blend of American craftsmanship and high-performance engineering.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
707
Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Manufacturer
FCA
Engine Number of Cylinders
8
Other Engine Info
Supercharged

Problems:

Brake fluid leak
Hydraulic brake systems rely on brake fluid to function properly. Leaks can cause a loss of braking power and increased stopping distances.
Worn brake pads/rotors
Over time, brake pads and rotors wear down, reducing braking effectiveness and causing squealing or grinding noises.
Brake caliper issues
Calipers can seize or leak, leading to uneven braking or a complete loss of braking power on the affected wheel.
Brake line corrosion
Corrosion of brake lines can lead to leaks and reduced braking performance, posing a significant safety risk.
Abs malfunction
Issues with the Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) can lead to reduced control during emergency braking situations.
Brake booster failure
A failed brake booster can result in a hard brake pedal and increased stopping distances.
Supercharger maintenance
The supercharged engine requires regular maintenance to ensure the supercharger operates efficiently. Issues can lead to reduced engine performance.
Fuel efficiency
High-performance engines like the supercharged V8 in the Jeep Grand Cherokee can have lower fuel efficiency compared to non-supercharged engines.
Cooling system strain
The powerful engine generates more heat, potentially straining the cooling system if not properly maintained.
Engine wear
High horsepower engines tend to experience more wear and tear, necessitating more frequent maintenance and potential repairs.
Electrical issues
Modern vehicles with advanced features, including Dynamic Brake Support (DBS), may encounter electrical problems that can affect various systems, including the brakes.
Transmission strain
The powerful engine can put additional strain on the transmission, potentially leading to transmission issues over time.
JEEP Grand Cherokee 2018

The 2018 Jeep Grand Cherokee WK SRT is a versatile multipurpose passenger vehicle (MPV) equipped with a powerful 6.4L V8 engine delivering 475 hp. It features advanced safety systems such as Dynamic Brake Support (DBS), Lane Departure Warning (LDW), and Blind Spot Warning (BSW). Standard amenities include adaptive cruise control, a backup camera, and parking assist. Built in Detroit, Michigan, this 4WD vehicle offers robust performance and comfort with seating for five.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
475
Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Manufacturer
FCA
Engine Number of Cylinders
8

Problems:

Brake fluid leaks
Hydraulic brake systems can develop leaks in the brake lines, calipers, or master cylinder, leading to reduced braking performance.
Brake fade
Overheating of the brake components, often due to heavy or prolonged use, can cause the brakes to lose effectiveness temporarily.
Warped brake rotors
Excessive heat can cause the brake rotors to warp, leading to vibrations and reduced braking efficiency.
Engine misfires
The V8 engine configuration may experience misfires due to issues with spark plugs, ignition coils, or fuel injectors.
Oil leaks
The V8 engine can be prone to oil leaks from the valve covers, oil pan, or gaskets, leading to oil consumption and potential engine damage.
Cooling system failures
The engine can overheat if there are issues with the radiator, water pump, or thermostat, leading to potential engine damage.
Timing chain problems
The engine may develop issues with the timing chain, such as stretching or failure, which can cause poor engine performance or catastrophic engine damage.
Fuel system issues
Problems with the fuel pump, fuel filter, or fuel injectors can lead to poor engine performance, reduced fuel efficiency, or stalling.
Transmission problems
The vehicle may experience issues with the transmission, such as slipping, hard shifts, or failure to engage gears properly.
Suspension wear
The Grand Cherokee may have issues with suspension components wearing out, leading to poor ride quality and handling.
Electrical issues
Problems with the vehicle's electrical system, such as faulty wiring or failing sensors, can cause various performance and reliability issues.
Exhaust system problems
Issues with the exhaust system, such as leaks or failing catalytic converters, can lead to increased emissions and reduced engine performance.
JEEP Grand Cherokee 2005

The 2005 Jeep Grand Cherokee Limited is a robust SUV equipped with a 5.7L V8 HEMI engine, capable of producing substantial power. Manufactured by FCA US LLC in Detroit, Michigan, this 4WD vehicle offers a premium driving experience with a hydraulic brake system. Ideal for both on-road and off-road adventures, it features a direct tire pressure monitoring system for enhanced safety. This model belongs to the Class 2E weight category, making it a versatile multi-purpose vehicle.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Number of Cylinders
8
Other Engine Info
HEMI Multiple Displacement

Problems:

Brake fluid leak
Hydraulic brake systems rely on brake fluid to transmit force. A leak can lead to reduced braking efficiency or complete brake failure.
Brake pad wear
Over time, brake pads wear down and need to be replaced to maintain effective braking.
Brake rotor damage
Brake rotors can become warped or damaged, leading to vibrations or reduced braking performance.
Engine misfire
V8 engines, especially those with HEMI configurations, can experience misfires due to issues with the ignition system, fuel injectors, or spark plugs.
Oil leaks
V8 engines are prone to oil leaks, which can occur around valve covers, oil pans, or other seals and gaskets.
Cooling system issues
V-shaped engines can have cooling system problems, such as radiator leaks or thermostat failures, leading to overheating.
Multiple displacement system (mds) malfunctions
The HEMI Multiple Displacement System can sometimes fail to properly deactivate and reactivate cylinders, causing rough running or reduced fuel efficiency.
Timing chain/belt problems
V8 engines can experience issues with the timing chain or belt, leading to engine performance problems or even catastrophic failure.
Fuel consumption
V8 engines, particularly in older models like the 2005 Grand Cherokee, are known for high fuel consumption, which can be exacerbated by other engine issues.
Exhaust manifold leaks
V-shaped engines can develop leaks in the exhaust manifold, causing noise, reduced performance, and potential emissions problems.
JEEP Grand Cherokee 2018

The 2018 Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk is a high-performance SUV with a supercharged 6.2L V8 engine producing 707 hp. It features an array of advanced safety systems like Dynamic Brake Support, Lane Departure Warning, Forward Collision Warning, and Blind Spot Warning. Standard amenities include Adaptive Cruise Control, a Backup Camera, and Parking Assist. Built at the Jefferson North Assembly Plant in Detroit, this 5-seater offers both power and luxury, starting at $86,200.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
707
Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Manufacturer
FCA
Engine Number of Cylinders
8
Other Engine Info
Supercharged

Problems:

Brake fluid leak
Hydraulic brake systems rely on brake fluid to function properly. Leaks can cause a loss of braking power and increased stopping distances.
Worn brake pads/rotors
Over time, brake pads and rotors wear down, reducing braking effectiveness and causing squealing or grinding noises.
Brake caliper issues
Calipers can seize or leak, leading to uneven braking or a complete loss of braking power on the affected wheel.
Brake line corrosion
Corrosion of brake lines can lead to leaks and reduced braking performance, posing a significant safety risk.
Abs malfunction
Issues with the Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) can lead to reduced control during emergency braking situations.
Brake booster failure
A failed brake booster can result in a hard brake pedal and increased stopping distances.
Supercharger maintenance
The supercharged engine requires regular maintenance to ensure the supercharger operates efficiently. Issues can lead to reduced engine performance.
Fuel efficiency
High-performance engines like the supercharged V8 in the Jeep Grand Cherokee can have lower fuel efficiency compared to non-supercharged engines.
Cooling system strain
The powerful engine generates more heat, potentially straining the cooling system if not properly maintained.
Engine wear
High horsepower engines tend to experience more wear and tear, necessitating more frequent maintenance and potential repairs.
Electrical issues
Modern vehicles with advanced features, including Dynamic Brake Support (DBS), may encounter electrical problems that can affect various systems, including the brakes.
Transmission strain
The powerful engine can put additional strain on the transmission, potentially leading to transmission issues over time.
JEEP Grand Wagoneer 1986

The 1986 Jeep Grand Wagoneer is a classic SUV with a powerful 5.9L V8 engine, boasting a 4WD drive type for off-road capability. Manufactured by FCA US LLC in Toledo, Ohio, this 4-door vehicle features an automatic 3-speed transmission. With a gross vehicle weight rating of Class 2E, it’s designed for both rugged terrain and family adventures.

Spec:

Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Number of Cylinders
8

Problems:

Oil leaks
Older vehicles like the 1986 Jeep Grand Wagoneer often suffer from oil leaks due to worn gaskets and seals.
Overheating
V8 engines generate a lot of heat, and the cooling systems in older models may struggle to keep up, leading to overheating issues.
Carburetor problems
The 1986 Grand Wagoneer likely uses a carburetor, which can become clogged or out of adjustment over time, causing poor engine performance.
Ignition system failures
Aging ignition components such as the distributor, ignition coil, or spark plugs may lead to misfires or starting issues.
Exhaust manifold leaks
The exhaust manifolds on older V8 engines can crack or the gaskets can fail, causing exhaust leaks.
Fuel pump failure
Mechanical fuel pumps in older vehicles can wear out, leading to fuel delivery issues and poor engine performance.
Timing chain wear
The timing chain can stretch or wear out over time, causing poor engine performance and potentially catastrophic engine damage if it fails.
Vacuum leaks
The various vacuum lines and components in an older engine can become brittle and crack, leading to vacuum leaks that affect engine performance.
Valve train issues
Wear and tear on the valve lifters, pushrods, and rocker arms can lead to noisy operation and poor engine performance.
Cooling system corrosion
The radiator and other cooling system components may suffer from internal corrosion, leading to reduced cooling efficiency and potential overheating.
JEEP Grand Cherokee 2008

The 2008 Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT-8 is a powerful SUV designed for both performance and versatility. It features a 6.1L V8 engine with multipoint fuel injection, delivering robust power through its 4WD system. Built by FCA US LLC in Detroit, this model offers safety with front and side airbags and a direct TPMS. Suitable for various markets, it combines rugged capability with refined engineering.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Number of Cylinders
8
Other Engine Info
Engine Info: SRT HEMI Sales Code: ESF

Problems:

Brake fluid leaks
Hydraulic brake systems can develop leaks in the brake lines, master cylinder, or calipers, leading to reduced braking efficiency.
Brake fade
Overheating of the brake system, especially during heavy use, can cause a temporary loss of braking power.
Warped brake rotors
Continuous heavy braking can cause the rotors to warp, leading to vibrations during braking.
Master cylinder failure
The master cylinder can wear out over time, leading to a spongy brake pedal or reduced braking performance.
Brake pads wear
Brake pads wear out over time and need regular replacement to maintain effective braking.
Vacuum booster issues
A failing brake booster can result in a hard brake pedal and reduced braking assistance.
Engine misfire
The V8 SRT HEMI engine can experience misfires due to ignition coil or spark plug issues.
Oil leaks
Gaskets and seals in the V8 engine can wear out, leading to oil leaks.
Cooling system failures
V8 engines can have cooling issues, such as radiator or water pump failures, leading to overheating.
Throttle body issues
The throttle body can get dirty or malfunction, causing poor engine performance or stalling.
Exhaust manifold leaks
The V8 engine's exhaust manifolds can crack or warp, leading to exhaust leaks and noise.
Fuel injector problems
Dirty or failing fuel injectors can cause poor engine performance or increased fuel consumption.
JEEP Grand Cherokee 2008

The 2008 Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT-8 is a powerful SUV, equipped with a 6.1L V8 engine and 4WD. Manufactured by FCA US LLC in Detroit, this vehicle features advanced safety systems including front and side airbags and TPMS. Its robust build, with a gross vehicle weight rating of Class 2E, makes it suitable for various markets including the U.S., Canada, Mexico, and other export destinations. The SRT HEMI engine and multipoint fuel injection ensure high performance and reliability.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Number of Cylinders
8
Other Engine Info
Engine Info: SRT HEMI Sales Code: ESF

Problems:

Brake fluid leaks
Hydraulic brake systems can develop leaks in the brake lines, master cylinder, or calipers, leading to reduced braking efficiency.
Brake fade
Overheating of the brake system, especially during heavy use, can cause a temporary loss of braking power.
Warped brake rotors
Continuous heavy braking can cause the rotors to warp, leading to vibrations during braking.
Master cylinder failure
The master cylinder can wear out over time, leading to a spongy brake pedal or reduced braking performance.
Brake pads wear
Brake pads wear out over time and need regular replacement to maintain effective braking.
Vacuum booster issues
A failing brake booster can result in a hard brake pedal and reduced braking assistance.
Engine misfire
The V8 SRT HEMI engine can experience misfires due to ignition coil or spark plug issues.
Oil leaks
Gaskets and seals in the V8 engine can wear out, leading to oil leaks.
Cooling system failures
V8 engines can have cooling issues, such as radiator or water pump failures, leading to overheating.
Throttle body issues
The throttle body can get dirty or malfunction, causing poor engine performance or stalling.
Exhaust manifold leaks
The V8 engine's exhaust manifolds can crack or warp, leading to exhaust leaks and noise.
Fuel injector problems
Dirty or failing fuel injectors can cause poor engine performance or increased fuel consumption.
JEEP Grand Cherokee 1996

This 1996 JEEP Grand Cherokee Limited is a robust SUV with a 5.2L V8 engine and 4WD. Manufactured by FCA US LLC in Detroit, Michigan, it features electronic fuel injection and a hydraulic brake system. With a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating between 5,001 - 6,000 lb, it's designed for both performance and utility.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Number of Cylinders
8
Other Engine Info
Electronic fuel injection

Problems:

Brake fluid leak
Hydraulic brake systems rely on brake fluid to function properly. Leaks can cause reduced braking performance.
Brake master cylinder failure
The master cylinder can wear out over time, leading to a spongy brake pedal or complete brake failure.
Warped brake rotors
This can cause vibration or pulsation when braking and is often due to excessive heat or wear.
Worn brake pads
Brake pads wear down over time and need to be replaced regularly to ensure effective braking.
Engine misfires
With electronic fuel injection, issues with injectors, sensors, or spark plugs can cause misfiring in one or more cylinders.
Vacuum leaks
Vacuum leaks can cause rough idling and poor performance, often affecting the engine's air-fuel mixture.
Coolant leaks
Common in older vehicles, coolant leaks can lead to overheating and potential engine damage.
Timing chain/belt issues
If the timing chain or belt fails, it can cause significant engine damage, especially in a V8 engine.
Oil leaks
Common in older engines, oil leaks can lead to low oil levels and potential engine damage.
Fuel pump failure
Can cause issues with fuel delivery to the engine, leading to stalling or poor performance.
Exhaust manifold cracks
Exhaust manifolds in V-shaped engines can crack over time due to heat cycles, leading to exhaust leaks and reduced efficiency.
Oxygen sensor failure
A faulty oxygen sensor can cause poor fuel economy and increased emissions.
Throttle position sensor issues
A malfunctioning sensor can result in poor throttle response and erratic engine behavior.
JEEP Grand Cherokee 2015

The 2015 Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT is a powerful SUV with a 6.4L V8 engine and a hydraulic brake system. It features 4WD and has a gross vehicle weight rating of 6,001 - 7,000 lbs. Built in Detroit, Michigan, this model includes advanced safety features like front and side airbags for all rows and a direct TPMS. Ideal for both performance and utility, it's a versatile choice for various driving needs.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Engine Number of Cylinders
8
Other Engine Info
Sales Code: ESG,ESH,ESA,ESB,ESJ

Problems:

Brake fluid leaks
Hydraulic brake systems can develop leaks in the brake lines, master cylinder, or calipers, leading to reduced braking efficiency or complete brake failure.
Worn brake pads
Over time, brake pads wear down and need replacement; if neglected, this can damage the rotors and lead to more expensive repairs.
Brake rotor issues
Warped or damaged rotors can cause vibrations, noise, and reduced braking performance.
Brake booster failure
A failing brake booster can make the brake pedal hard to press and reduce braking effectiveness.
Engine misfires
8-cylinder engines can experience misfires due to faulty spark plugs, ignition coils, or fuel injectors, leading to rough idling and reduced performance.
Oil leaks
Common in many older vehicles, oil leaks can occur from valve cover gaskets, oil pan gaskets, or other seals, potentially causing engine damage.
Coolant leaks
Radiator, water pump, or hose failures can lead to coolant leaks, causing the engine to overheat.
Timing chain/belt issues
Problems with the timing chain or belt can lead to poor engine performance or catastrophic engine failure if it breaks.
Exhaust manifold cracks
Cracks in the exhaust manifold can lead to exhaust leaks, reduced performance, and increased emissions.
Transmission problems
Issues with the automatic transmission, such as slipping, harsh shifting, or failure to engage, can affect driveability.
Suspension wear
Worn suspension components, such as struts, shocks, and bushings, can lead to poor handling and ride quality.
Electrical issues
Problems with the vehicle's electrical system, including faulty sensors, wiring issues, or failing alternators, can cause various performance and reliability issues.
JEEP Grand Wagoneer 1988

The 1988 Jeep Grand Wagoneer is a classic SUV with a powerful 5.9L V8 engine, delivering robust performance with its 4WD capability. Manufactured by FCA US LLC in Toledo, Ohio, this multipurpose passenger vehicle features a 3-speed automatic transmission and a manual seat belt system. Its gross vehicle weight rating falls between 6,001 - 7,000 lbs, making it a solid choice for both rugged terrain and everyday use.

Spec:

Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Number of Cylinders
8

Problems:

Oil leaks
V8 engines, especially in older models like the 1988 Jeep Grand Wagoneer, are prone to oil leaks from various gaskets and seals, such as the valve cover gaskets and oil pan gasket.
Cooling system issues
The cooling system may experience problems due to the age of the vehicle, such as radiator leaks, failing water pumps, or clogged coolant passages.
Carburetor problems
The 1988 Grand Wagoneer uses a carbureted engine, which can develop issues over time, such as clogged jets or faulty choke mechanisms, leading to poor fuel delivery.
Ignition system failures
V8 engines in older vehicles may suffer from worn-out ignition components, including distributor caps, rotors, spark plugs, and ignition coils, leading to misfires and poor engine performance.
Exhaust manifold leaks
The exhaust manifolds on a V8 engine can develop cracks or leaks, often due to thermal expansion and contraction, causing exhaust noise and potential performance issues.
Vacuum leaks
Older V8 engines have numerous vacuum lines that can deteriorate over time, leading to vacuum leaks that can affect engine performance and fuel efficiency.
Timing chain wear
The timing chain can wear out over time, leading to poor engine timing, which can cause rough running or even engine failure if not addressed.
Fuel pump failure
Mechanical fuel pumps in older vehicles can fail, leading to fuel delivery issues and engine stalling or no-start conditions.
JEEP Wrangler 2023

The 2023 Jeep Wrangler Rubicon 392, manufactured by FCA US LLC at the Toledo North Assembly plant in Ohio, features a robust 6.4L V8 engine delivering 470 hp. This 4WD SUV includes standard safety features like ABS, traction control, ESC, and a backup camera, with optional advanced systems like FCW and DBS. The vehicle is designed for multipurpose use, with a gross vehicle weight rating from Class 2E and standard keyless ignition and daytime running lights.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Optional
Engine Brake (hp) From
470
Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Manufacturer
FCA
Engine Number of Cylinders
8

Problems:

Brake fluid leaks
Hydraulic brake systems can develop leaks in the brake lines, master cylinder, or calipers, which can lead to reduced braking performance.
Brake fade
Extended use of the brakes, especially under heavy loads or during downhill driving, can cause the brake fluid to overheat and reduce braking efficiency.
Air in brake lines
Air bubbles in the hydraulic brake lines can cause a spongy brake pedal and reduced braking effectiveness.
Dbs malfunction
If the optional Dynamic Brake Support system is installed, it may malfunction, leading to inconsistent braking performance.
Brake rotor warping
Repeated hard braking can cause the brake rotors to warp, leading to vibrations and reduced braking efficiency.
Master cylinder failure
The master cylinder, which generates the hydraulic pressure for the brake system, can fail and reduce braking power.
Brake pad wear
Brake pads can wear out over time, leading to reduced braking performance and the need for replacement.
Abs issues
The Anti-lock Braking System (if equipped) can experience sensor failures or other malfunctions, leading to loss of ABS functionality.
Engine overheating
The high-performance V8 engine can be prone to overheating, especially under heavy loads or in hot climates.
Oil leaks
The V-shaped engine configuration may develop oil leaks at the gaskets, seals, or oil pan.
Spark plug fouling
The V8 engine may experience spark plug fouling, leading to misfires, rough idling, and reduced performance.
Fuel system problems
Issues with the fuel injectors or fuel pump can lead to poor engine performance or stalling.
Timing chain/belt issues
The engine's timing chain or belt can wear out or become misaligned, leading to engine performance problems.
Exhaust manifold cracking
The V8 engine's exhaust manifolds can develop cracks due to thermal expansion and contraction, leading to exhaust leaks.
Engine mounts wear
Engine mounts can wear out over time, causing increased vibration and noise.
JEEP Grand Wagoneer 1985

The 1985 JEEP Grand Wagoneer is a classic SUV with a V8 engine and a displacement of 5.9 liters. Manufactured by FCA US LLC in Toledo, Ohio, this 4WD vehicle features an automatic 3-speed transmission and manual seat belts. Designed as a multipurpose passenger vehicle, it boasts a gross vehicle weight rating of up to 7,000 lbs.

Spec:

Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Number of Cylinders
8

Problems:

Oil leaks
The 1985 Jeep Grand Wagoneer with a V8 engine is prone to oil leaks, especially from the valve cover gaskets and oil pan gasket.
Overheating
These engines can overheat due to issues with the radiator, water pump, or thermostat, especially in older models where components may be worn or corroded.
Carburetor problems
The carburetor can get clogged or out of adjustment, leading to poor engine performance and fuel economy.
Vacuum leaks
Vacuum hoses and connections can deteriorate over time, causing rough idling and poor acceleration.
Timing chain wear
The timing chain can stretch or wear out, leading to poor engine timing and performance issues.
Fuel pump failure
Mechanical fuel pumps in these older vehicles can fail, resulting in poor fuel delivery and engine stalling.
Exhaust manifold cracks
Over time, the exhaust manifold can develop cracks, leading to exhaust leaks and increased engine noise.
Distributor issues
The distributor cap and rotor can wear out, causing misfires and ignition problems.
JEEP Grand Cherokee 1995

The 1995 Jeep Grand Cherokee Limited is a robust SUV powered by a 5.2L V8 engine with electronic fuel injection. Offering 4WD capability, this versatile vehicle is built for both rugged terrain and daily driving. Manufactured in Detroit by FCA US LLC, it features a gross vehicle weight rating of 5,001 - 6,000 lbs and includes a driver seat airbag for safety.

Spec:

Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Number of Cylinders
8
Other Engine Info
Electronic Fuel Injection

Problems:

Oil leaks
V8 engines, especially older models like the 1995 Jeep Grand Cherokee, are prone to developing oil leaks from valve cover gaskets, oil pan gaskets, and rear main seals.
Overheating
The cooling system in older vehicles can become less efficient, leading to overheating issues, especially in V8 engines which generate a lot of heat.
Fuel injector problems
Electronic Fuel Injection systems in older vehicles can suffer from clogged or malfunctioning fuel injectors, leading to poor engine performance and fuel economy.
Ignition system issues
V8 engines with electronic fuel injection may experience problems with ignition coils, spark plugs, or distributor components, causing misfires and rough idling.
Intake manifold gasket failures
The intake manifold gaskets can deteriorate over time, leading to vacuum leaks and coolant leaks, which can affect engine performance and cause overheating.
Timing chain/belt wear
Over time, the timing chain or belt can wear out or become loose, leading to poor engine timing and potential engine damage.
Exhaust manifold cracks
The exhaust manifolds on V8 engines can crack due to heat stress, leading to exhaust leaks and increased engine noise.
Sensor failures
Older electronic fuel injection systems rely heavily on sensors (e.g., oxygen sensors, mass airflow sensors) that can fail or give inaccurate readings, affecting engine performance.
JEEP Grand Cherokee 2017

The 2017 Jeep Grand Cherokee Limited is a versatile multipurpose passenger vehicle (MPV) with a powerful 5.7L V8 engine producing 360 hp. Standard features include Dynamic Brake Support (DBS), a backup camera, and Electronic Stability Control (ESC). Optional safety enhancements such as Lane Departure Warning (LDW), Forward Collision Warning (FCW), and Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) are available. With a base price of $39,995, this 4WD SUV offers a blend of performance, safety, and convenience.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
360
Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Manufacturer
FCA
Engine Number of Cylinders
8

Problems:

Brake fluid leaks
Hydraulic brake systems rely on brake fluid to function. Leaks in the brake lines, master cylinder, or calipers can lead to reduced braking efficiency and potential brake failure.
Brake fade
Extended use of the brakes, especially in a heavy vehicle like the Jeep Grand Cherokee, can cause the brakes to overheat and lose effectiveness temporarily.
Abs sensor malfunction
The Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) sensors can fail, leading to reduced braking performance and longer stopping distances.
Warped brake rotors
Warping of the brake rotors can occur due to excessive heat, leading to vibrations and reduced braking efficiency.
Worn brake pads
Over time, brake pads wear down and need to be replaced to maintain optimal braking performance.
Engine misfire
Engine misfires can occur due to faulty spark plugs, ignition coils, or fuel injectors, impacting engine performance and fuel efficiency.
Oil leaks
V8 engines, especially in older models, can develop oil leaks from gaskets and seals, leading to reduced engine performance and potential damage if not addressed.
Timing chain issues
The timing chain in a V8 engine can wear out or become misaligned, leading to poor engine performance and potential engine damage.
Cooling system problems
Overheating can occur due to a faulty thermostat, water pump, or radiator, leading to potential engine damage if not addressed.
Fuel system issues
Problems with the fuel pump, fuel filter, or fuel injectors can lead to poor engine performance, reduced fuel efficiency, and potential engine stalling.
JEEP Grand Cherokee 2008

The 2008 Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT-8 is a robust SUV powered by a 6.1L V8 engine with multipoint fuel injection. Designed for the U.S., Canada, Mexico, and other export markets, this 4WD features a hydraulic brake system and direct tire pressure monitoring. Built in Detroit, Michigan by FCA US LLC, it includes front and side airbags, enhancing safety for both driver and passenger. This vehicle is part of the WK series and offers a gross vehicle weight rating in the Class 2E range.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Number of Cylinders
8
Other Engine Info
Engine Info: SRT HEMI Sales Code: ESF

Problems:

Brake fluid leaks
Hydraulic brake systems can develop leaks in the brake lines, master cylinder, or calipers, leading to reduced braking efficiency.
Brake fade
Overheating of the brake system, especially during heavy use, can cause a temporary loss of braking power.
Warped brake rotors
Continuous heavy braking can cause the rotors to warp, leading to vibrations during braking.
Master cylinder failure
The master cylinder can wear out over time, leading to a spongy brake pedal or reduced braking performance.
Brake pads wear
Brake pads wear out over time and need regular replacement to maintain effective braking.
Vacuum booster issues
A failing brake booster can result in a hard brake pedal and reduced braking assistance.
Engine misfire
The V8 SRT HEMI engine can experience misfires due to ignition coil or spark plug issues.
Oil leaks
Gaskets and seals in the V8 engine can wear out, leading to oil leaks.
Cooling system failures
V8 engines can have cooling issues, such as radiator or water pump failures, leading to overheating.
Throttle body issues
The throttle body can get dirty or malfunction, causing poor engine performance or stalling.
Exhaust manifold leaks
The V8 engine's exhaust manifolds can crack or warp, leading to exhaust leaks and noise.
Fuel injector problems
Dirty or failing fuel injectors can cause poor engine performance or increased fuel consumption.
JEEP Grand Cherokee 2020

The 2020 Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT, assembled at the Jefferson North Assembly Plant in Detroit, Michigan, packs a powerful 6.4L V8 engine with 475 hp. It features a range of standard safety and convenience tech, including Dynamic Brake Support (DBS), Blind Spot Warning (BSW), and a backup camera. With a base price of $32,045, this 4WD SUV offers seating for five and a robust suite of modern amenities.

Spec:

Brake System Type
Hydraulic
Dynamic Brake Support (DBS)
Standard
Engine Brake (hp) From
475
Engine Configuration
V-Shaped
Engine Manufacturer
FCA
Engine Number of Cylinders
8

Problems:

Brake fluid leaks
Hydraulic brake systems can suffer from leaks in the brake lines, master cylinder, or calipers, leading to reduced braking efficiency.
Brake fade
Prolonged use or high temperatures can cause the brake fluid to overheat, reducing braking power.
Worn brake pads
Over time, brake pads wear down and need to be replaced to maintain effective braking.
Abs malfunction
The Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) sensors or module may fail, causing the ABS to malfunction or not work at all.
Brake rotor wear
Brake rotors can become warped or worn, leading to vibrations or reduced braking performance.
Sticking brake calipers
Calipers may become stuck due to corrosion or debris, causing uneven braking or pulling to one side.
Master cylinder failure
The master cylinder can wear out or leak, leading to a spongy brake pedal or complete brake failure.
Vacuum pump failure
For vehicles with brake boosters, a failing vacuum pump can lead to reduced braking assistance and harder pedal feel.
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